Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) Structural Collapse Level 1 Advanced Practice Exam

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• Which indicators suggest potential secondary collapse during operations?
• Which barrier is commonly used to separate crowds and protect the scene in a collapse operation?
• Which option correctly defines the cold zone in US&R operations?
• In rescuers’ assessment of light metal construction, what indicators should be looked for?
• Which scenario is an atmospheric hazard?
• What is hypovolemia?
• Define a load lift plan in collapse scenarios.
• NFPA 1951 is the standard on protective ensembles for incidents involving what?
• In US&R operations, how is information about searched areas and victim locations communicated to the team?
• Access must be controlled through _____ and ____ points to allow for personnel accountability and control.
• During size up local subject matter experts can include?
• What is the meaning of the 'radius of action' in rigging?
• What is the role of the buddy line in US&R teams?
• Which side of the building is street side?
• Which of the following describes the High level FEMA marking?
• Which statement correctly defines static load in lifting operations?
• Which are the three essential steps in a basic on-scene size-up for a collapse?
• Rope gloves must be free of contaminants; which of the following is included?
• Which collapse pattern is created when a floor assembly collapses in the middle, producing two voids on either side?
• When selecting cribbing, what must be considered beyond static weight?
• Why is stabilization performed before rescue operations?
• In patient packaging, what is a rapid extrication approach?
• In incident operations, which zone primarily houses personnel directly supporting rescuers and includes decontamination activities?
• The principle weakness of light frame construction is the ______ strength of the _____ and the connections.
• US&R Cache Resources are best described as which?
• What is the primary purpose of a rope/rigging inspection prior to use?
• Which time interval has the highest survival rate?
• If you are searching and must reverse direction after starting left, what should you do?
• HM on a building marking is associated with which meaning?
• What is the minimum PPE typically required during primary search operations?
• In Structural Collapse US&R, rescuers should assume the presence of which injuries even if the victim doesn't report symptoms, based on mechanism of injury?
• Which item is not part of the LACES framework?
• A _____ search is when search personnel are placed in calling and listening positions as close as possible around the site to be searched.
• Which of the following is NOT a key consideration when selecting lifting equipment during collapse operations?
• What action is recommended when you must reverse direction during search?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between stabilization and rescue operations?
• Which statement about a definitive rescue plan is true?
• In a load lift plan, cribbing arrangement is included to safely elevate or reposition debris. Why is cribbing included?
• In the same search guidance, if you start by going right, which action is correct?
• What is the recommended time to spend on maintaining a building during a structural collapse?
• Eye protection shade rating for oxyacetylene or gasoline fueled cutting operations?
• Which ICS function is primarily responsible for obtaining and tracking resources and services?
• What are the three primary types of hazards encountered in urban search and rescue operations?
• What is the survival rate after 1 day?
• Victims are most likely to survive in collapse ______ or access corridors (ex. hallways, stairwells, _______).
• Which of the following is NOT a type of fixed lighting?
• What is the purpose of a control line when rigging a lift?
• Which statement correctly describes the three operation zones?
• Why are secondary collapses less likely in light frame buildings that are under three stories tall?
• What is the purpose of a Unit Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)?
• Which action best supports ongoing preparedness through an after-action process?
• Rescuers operating at a light frame building collapse should check for stability problems by looking for _____ ___________, ____________, an offset of the structure from the foundation, or a leaning first story in multi floor dwellings.
• In rescue decision-making, rescuers should risk lives to save ______.
• What is the purpose of establishing a load path in cribbing and shoring systems?
• Rescue missions that present significant risk shall be limited to...
• What are the key considerations when selecting lifting equipment during collapse operations?
• The greatest chance for survival in a collapse occurs within the first 24 hours. What percentage of those who can be saved are typically rescued during that period?
• According to guidance on physical search, what is true about performing a physical search?
• If victims are heard during hailing and listening, what should rescuers do?
• Regular prescription glasses and prescription sunglasses are not adequate eye protection. True or False?
• What are the five phases in the response for structural collapse incident?
• Which option aligns with the rule when you go left?
• Are regular prescription glasses and prescription sunglasses considered adequate eye protection?
• What does LACES stand for in structural collapse operations?
• Approximately 15% percent of the victims at a structural collapse incident are trapped inside accessible ____ spaces created by the collapsed structure.
• The rehabilitation (rehab) area is used for?
• Progressive collapse refers to a staged, spreading failure of what?
• What is the primary objective of size-up in a structural collapse incident?
• In a collapse response, what is the purpose of aligning units on objectives, tasks, and sequencing?
• What is the role of exposure control in US&R operations?
• What should be included in a hand-off to the following team at a collapse site?
• Which debris removal phase is associated with Selected Debris Removal?
• Among the listed occupancy categories, which has the largest per-unit casualty estimate?
• What is the survival rate after 1 hour?
• Loose debris and power lines are examples of what?
• Which cutting operation requires the higher eye protection shade rating?
• For office buildings, the casualty estimate is approximately per parking space?
• The Rehabilitation (REHAB) Area is located where and serves what purpose?
• In a collapse zone, what happens if tension wood is disturbed?
• What does the Incident Command System (ICS) primarily define?
• In FEMA marking system, what does Low level look like?
• Rescuers exposed to any noise in excess of what level must be provided with appropriate hearing protection devices?
• What type of gloves are primarily used during a collapse operation?
• Damaged utilities can create life-threatening conditions due to which of the following?
• What term is used for the spaces created by the collapsed structure where victims may be found?
• Below grade spaces may have hazards such as...
• What is the purpose of color tagging (red/green) in collapse operations?
• Light frame metal constructions is typically very ____ in regards to ____ movements.
• Hearing protection should have a minimum NRR of how many decibels?
• Which option is not one of the listed five phases in the structural collapse response?
• Why is communication discipline critical in US&R operations?
• Who is allowed in the hot zone during rescue and extrication operations?
• When caring for or performing maintenance on assigned PPE, clean or repair per whose recommendations?
• Which of the following is true about the US&R Incident Command System components?
• What is the primary purpose of providing hearing protection when noise exceeds 90 dB?
• Normal settlement and shifting debris, vibrations, and aftershocks can cause secondary _____ and previously accessible voids to become inaccessible or can eliminate the void spaces altogether.
• Which markings are identified by the Shoring Operations Guide to guide operations at the scene?
• How can a Level 1 technician contribute to property conservation during a collapse?
• A Pattern search is a tactic used to divide the search area into smaller blocks than can be assigned to individual teams. This avoids overlapping.
• During basic on-scene size-up, resource and access planning primarily involves:
• What does Time of Day refer to in the context of a structural collapse?
• Which items can help determine the last known location of victims at a collapse scene?
• What does a V with a horizontal line indicate on a building marking?
• How should you determine the load rating of cribbing pieces?
• Damaged structures are evaluated and labeled based on the FEMA marking system. There are 3 levels, what are they? (Risk and shape)
• The REHAB area is used for which functions?
• What are the five major functional areas in the FEMA Incident Command System?
• Which statement best defines the radius of action in rigging?
• In regards to crush syndrome, also known as the "______ ____" syndrome, when blood flow to and from the injured area is absent for more than ____ hours, the injured tissue dies and gives off toxins.
• Who has the responsibility of conducting a detailed incident action plan during the initial and ongoing response?
• ___________ construction refers to residential homes and apartments of up to four stories that are principally constructed of wood or light steel.
• Which factor is a key reason to rotate teams during heavy work periods?
• Which device is specifically used to detect heat signatures during technical searching?
• What system is used to label damaged structures based on risk and shape?
• What distinguishes a hot zone from a cold zone in US&R operations?
• How should unidentified utilities be treated at a collapse scene?
• What is the survival rate after 5 days?
• Which area is designated for the evacuation of patients from the scene?
• Name two indicators that a void could contain a victim.
• The Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) is defined as what?
• Why is it important to coordinate with utility companies on a collapse site?
• In US&R operations, Phase IV refers to which type of debris removal?
• On a building marking, what does an arrow indicate?
• FEMA Incident Command System (ICS) is best described as:
• Explain the importance of accountability in US&R teams.
• When are search dogs typically employed in structural collapse operations?
• ANSI Z87 pertains to which category of PPE?
• In searching areas and void spaces, if you start by going left, what should you do?
• Which zone surrounds the warm zone and is used for staging vehicles, equipment, and contains the command post?
• Which option aligns with the rule when you go right?
• When gathering information at a collapse scene, which action is recommended to locate victims?
• The pattern search helps prevent overlapping by dividing the area into smaller blocks. This statement is:
• Which of the following is a correct per-occupancy casualty estimate as described?
• During which phase is general debris removal performed?
• The building marking system was developed by who?
• The term used to describe the process of gathering information about conditions and priorities at a collapse scene is:
• During phase V (general debris removal), debris can be systematically removed with which equipment?
• What is considered to be the most dangerous side of a collapse?
• For foot protection against impact and puncture, which combination is described?
• Which of the following describes proper use of cribbing materials in stabilization?
• What steps comprise a quick hazard assessment when gas meters show positive readings?
• In cribbing context, how is a critical load defined?
• In light frame buildings that are more than three stories, __________ collapses are more likely than in one- or two-story light frame buildings.
• Which materials are commonly used for cribbing in collapse stabilization?
• Which term best describes the initial evaluation of a scene used to determine if resources are adequate?
• What collapse pattern occurs when a wall fails and a floor or roof section drops completely on one side while the opposite end remains supported?
• Which two core attributes determine the safety of a loading platform?
• What is the goal of a tactical ventilation approach in a collapsed structure?
• The pattern formed when a wall collapse leaves one end of the floor and/or roof hanging unsupported and suspended above the other floors is called what?
• What is a 'definitive rescue plan'?
• To control the side and to identify the area of concern use _____, _____, _____, ______, and _____ to control crowds.
• Approximately what percent of victims are surface victims?
• Which of the following is NOT a listed US&R ICS component?
• Which statement best describes signs of progressive collapse to watch for in continuous structures?
• Which statement best describes stability indicators in a light frame collapse?
• Which of the following best describes how to verify a cribbing piece is suitable for anticipated loads?
• The _____ zone is a restricted zone where rescue is taking place. Only personnel who are dealing directly with the treatment or freeing of victims are allowed.
• In a suspected neck or back injury, which immobilization equipment is recommended?
• ______ victims are often defined as victims who are injured but not trapped and are usually injured in falls or are struck by falling objects, and account for approximately _____ percent of the victims at a structural collapse incident.
• What is the typical process for debrief and after-action review following a collapse operation?
• The Cold Zone is described as which of the following?
• Which structural feature is given as an example of a survivor location within collapse access corridors?
• What is tension wood and why is it dangerous in collapses?
• What is the survival rate after 2 days?
• In hospitals, the casualty estimate is approximately how many victims per bed?
• What action helps prevent movement of debris during a lift?
• What is the survival rate after 3 days?
• What is an integrated rescue plan?
• What is the primary purpose of using local maps in US&R operations?
• Which collapse pattern is formed when single or multiple floors and/or roof collapse, resulting in a layering effect and difficult access in concrete structures?
• Which of the following is NOT a major functional area of the FEMA ICS?
• For residential occupancy, what is the casualty estimate per bedroom?
• How is hypothermia defined?
• Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Shoring Operations Guide?
• In the casualty estimation framework, what is the approximate number of potential victims per classroom in a school?
• How does Level 1 Advanced training prepare responders for complex stabilization scenarios?
• _____ ___________ is considered to be the number one accountability system?
• Which statement best describes Level 1 Advanced training for stabilization scenarios?
• What is the primary purpose of the Rescue Team Area on a US&R incident site?
• How does a safety officer contribute to a Level 1 US&R operation?
• Which area on a US&R site serves as the central hub for coordination and operations?
• NRR values indicate what characteristic of hearing protection?
• Approved safety _____ or ______ are required during structural collapse operations for eye protection.
• If a toxic atmosphere is detected in a confined space, what action should be taken?
• Under the category 'Types of Occupancy', which factor is listed as part of the framework?
• Eye protection shade rating for exothermic cutting operations?
• Types of natural lighting: which of the following is a natural lighting source?
• In lifting operations, which statement best defines dynamic load?
• Damaged _________ can create life-threatening conditions for rescuers and trapped victims alike, including live electrical wires, broken water pipes, and broken sewer lines.
• In US&R ICS, which role is primarily responsible for safety during operations?
• Which section within US&R ICS is responsible for torch cutting operations?
• To determine the last known location of victims, which tool should be used?
• What are two key considerations when establishing a loading platform for rescues?
• Which statement best summarizes the guiding rule for searching areas and void spaces?
• Secondary collapses are most closely linked to which process during a structural collapse?
• Rotate teams on a regular basis. During heavy work periods some teams need to rotate every _____ to ______ minutes.
• The Cold Zone surrounds which zone and is used for staging and containment of the incident command post?
• What is the survival rate after 4 days?
• When turning around during the search, what action is correct?
• What does the Emergency Response Guidebook primarily provide?
• What does ANSI stand for?
• During heavy working periods, how much water or electrolyte supplement should each rescue team member consume, and how often?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of a US&R Cache Resources location?
• Which pattern occurs when the flooring separates from exterior bearing walls but remains supported by interior partitions?
• Accumulation of harmful gases, lack of oxygen, and oxygen enrichment are examples of what?
• During basic on-scene size-up, which statement best describes the sequence of steps?
• Which term describes accessories that are incapable of releasing sufficient electrical and thermal energy?
• What are the four major priorities used in US&R incident management?
• In structural collapse operations, which action best reduces risk to rescuers during search?
• What is the purpose of a 'marking system' on debris piles?